An USB Rubberducky example for ESP32-S2 module with SD Card 🦆

Overview

ESP32-S2 WUD-Ducky

This project is an attempt to add USB HID to the default example provided with @AprilBrother's WUD (*), however it also supports any ESP32-S2 equipped with a SD Card.

The default platformio POC coming with the WUD has been extended to support HID Composite (Keyboard+Mouse) and implements a payload parser. The payload syntax is heavily inspired by whid-injector and wifi_ducky.

Features

  • Dongle is detected as composite HID (Mouse and Keyboard) + USB Pendrive
  • Mounted MicroSD card allows editing files from the OS (**)
  • Starts WiFi in AP Mode
  • Runs a Webserver with the following endpoints:
    • /key send string sequence to the keyboard
    • /list list available files on the SD Card
    • /runpayload run ducky script from the SD Card
    • /delete delete a file on the SD Card (**)
    • /upload upload a file to the SD Card (**)
    • /* serves the file (e.g. index.html) from SPIFFS if it exists

(**) Changes on the SD Card made from the USB Pendrive aren't immediately accessible by the ESP32-S2's SD.read(), and vice-versa, so it is recommended to make a full power cycle after either changes are applied. This is due to the fact that USB Pendrive accesses the SD Partition using SD.rawRead and SD.rawWrite, and the lack of callable flushing methods with SD once the raw changes affect the file allocation table. Hopefully this will be fixed in the future, but it still wasn't at the time this readme file was written (2021:09:27).

WUD w00t?

WUD is the recursive acronym for WiFi USB Disk: it is an ESP32-S2 dongle made by @AprilBrother with a Micro SDCard slot hidden in the USB port.

See the wiki page for more info.

WUD Product image

Hardware/software Requirements:

Why Arduino?

  • Because platformio POC only works with older packages e.g. EspTinyUSB 1.2.0 / idf 4.2
  • Because I'm lazy

Roadmap

  • Improved payload parser
  • Improved web UI
  • Add RNDIS/CDC-ECM (network interface)

Credits:

Special thanks to @chegewara for helping me with this project and maintaining the awesome ESPTinyUSB library.

Comments
  • Theres nothing working properly!

    Theres nothing working properly!

    After trying flashing in 5 diferent SD cards, it was impossible for me to be able to make my WUD work. When I create or modify any file directly form Windows, the SD randomly crash and it can be used again till I flash the ino again. Also, I dont know hot to send commands via key or runpayload, it keeps saying FileNotFound or MISSING ARGS, no matter what I write in the endpoint. I think theres a litte bit of info measing, something like a setup and first use tutorial should be added to the redme, if not users with no such a big experience as me will be a bit lost and frustrated.

    opened by m00nbyt3 51
  • SD Card Mount Failed

    SD Card Mount Failed

    I'm trying to upload files to SD card. When I switch to sd card, I get mount failed error. I am using 32GB SanDisk card in FAT32 format and it works fine in card reader.

    What could be wrong?

    Here's relevant log from system log:

    [@00:00:01.952] SD Card Mount attempt: 0
    [@00:00:02.652] SD Card Mount attempt: 1
    [@00:00:03.352] SD Card Mount attempt: 2
    [@00:00:04.052] SD Card Mount attempt: 3
    [@00:00:04.752] SD Card Mount attempt: 4
    [@00:00:05.452] SD Card Mount attempt: 5
    [@00:00:06.152] SD Card Mount attempt: 6
    [@00:00:06.852] SD Card Mount attempt: 7
    [@00:00:07.552] SD Card Mount attempt: 8
    [@00:00:08.252] SD Card Mount attempt: 9
    [@00:00:08.952] SD Card Mount attempt: 10
    [@00:00:09.652] SD Card Mount attempt: 11
    [@00:00:09.752] SD Card Mount Failed
    [@00:00:09.752] Error, PenDrive disabled
    [@00:00:09.752] SD Card not present, spawning fake partition
    [@00:00:09.752] USB already started
    [@00:00:14.783] Pref defaulted: AP_SSID='WUD-01' (default='WUD-01')
    [@00:00:14.784] Pref defaulted: 
    
    opened by Ciph3rCat 3
  • Supports arduino-cli

    Supports arduino-cli

    I added supports for arduino-cli.

    How to compile with arduino-cli

    • Install arduino-cli
    • Install esp32 arduino core with command
    arduino-cli core update-index
    arduino-cli core install esp32:esp32
    
    • Compile code with command
    arduino-cli compile .
    
    • Upload firmware
    arduino-cli upload -p /dev/cu.usbmodem01
    

    See Makefile for more details

    opened by volca 2
  • Added CSS Directives

    Added CSS Directives

    Changes to index.h:

    CSS policies were added for a more intuitive and user-friendly web interface. Responsive CSS policies were also added to be able to use this from mobile phones, so you can carry your Payloads on the mobile phone and not worry if the SD was detected correctly on the Victim PC. Some tables have also been modified to make them visually look good.

    I have also created 2 test Payloads for Linux (tested on Kali Linux with KDE Plasma), In these Scripts it would be better to change console to ALT+F2, to run in the background. But the "Press" command doesn't seem to work, or I'm not typing the key codes right.

    opened by j1t077 1
  • Help needed - SD card, Bootloader mode & run payload

    Help needed - SD card, Bootloader mode & run payload

    Hi, I don't know if it is an issue or just my limited understanding. But, as there is no other help available, I would like to ask for your support here.

    I use Cactus WHID and inserted SD card. I use WUD-Ducky for esp32-3.0.2-RC1.

    1. SD Card Even though reading through all articles here, I don't find a way to get SD card working in visible in Windows Explorer as USB drive. What am I missing / doing wrong? Do I need to adapt the code even?
    2. Bootloader mode I put WHID in Bootloader mode using magnet for hall sensor and reset button. I manage to upload the sketch. However, whenever I put the USB stick in any PC, it starts in bootloader mode. I have to press reset button before it starts correctly. How could I change?
    3. Run Payload automatically I would like to simulate autostart functionality. What do I need to do to provide a payload that starts automatically?

    Please apologize if the topics would be misplaced here. Happy to get in contact with you (i.e., anybody who could support me) otherwise.

    opened by j0mand 1
  • #error

    #error "Invalid esp32-core version (expected 2.0.0)"

    it says i dont have esp32 2.0.0 but I do I just want this to work because obviously the default usb-wireless-disk doesnt have any uses whatsoever. Ive been stuck with this thing for weeks ... I really want to make it work. I was reading a thread of yours and you said you dont think a tutorial is needed. but dude I NEED ONE. or if you could help me. I'm new to this sort of thing and would really like it if you could help me SOS

    -thank you

    opened by Sewpee 4
  • SD Card Error

    SD Card Error

    [@00:26:21.510] Error, PenDrive disabled
    [@00:26:33.033] PenDrive already started
    [@00:26:38.510] SD Card Mount attempt: 0
    [@00:26:38.629] SD Card Mount attempt: 1
    [@00:26:38.745] SD Card Mount attempt: 2
    [@00:26:38.861] SD Card Mount attempt: 3
    [@00:26:38.977] SD Card Mount attempt: 4
    [@00:26:39.093] SD Card Mount attempt: 5
    [@00:26:39.209] SD Card Mount attempt: 6
    [@00:26:39.325] SD Card Mount attempt: 7
    [@00:26:39.442] SD Card Mount attempt: 8
    [@00:26:39.558] SD Card Mount attempt: 9
    [@00:26:39.674] SD Card Mount attempt: 10
    [@00:26:39.791] SD Card Mount attempt: 11
    [@00:26:39.890] SD Card Mount Failed
    [@00:26:39.891] Error, PenDrive disabled 
    [@00:28:22.527] LittleFS failed!
    

    I used the commands included in the menu to start both SD and LitleFS without success. I tried the commands after seeing in the info menu : image

    I am currently unable to upload files from WebUI and the volume : image Neither can I see my SD card

    opened by Compr0mzd 1
  • compilation error

    compilation error

    Hello, Let's see if anyone can help me, I'm stuck in the compilation. I'm a beginner and I can't solve it. I get this error when compiling;

    In file included from C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:30, from C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:30, from C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:30, from C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main\WUD-Ducky\WUD-Ducky.ino:39: C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:27:18: error: #include nested too deeply #include <WiFi.h> ^ C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:28:24: error: #include nested too deeply #include <WiFiClient.h> ^ C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:29:20: error: #include nested too deeply #include <WiFiAP.h> ^ C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:30:23: error: #include nested too deeply #include <WebServer.h> ^ C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:31:20: error: #include nested too deeply #include <SPIFFS.h> In file included from C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:30, from C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:30, from C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:30, from C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:30, from C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main\WUD-Ducky\WUD-Ducky.ino:39: C:\Users\BMG\Documents\Arduino\libraries\WUD-Ducky-main/WebServer.h:31:10: fatal error: SPIFFS.h: No such file or directory #include <SPIFFS.h> ^~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated.

    opened by andonicio 0
  • HID Timed out when using mouse or keyboard when payload running

    HID Timed out when using mouse or keyboard when payload running

    Hello, finally I can run WUD-Ducky with ESP32 package 2.0.3-RC1. But I have big problem using mouse or keyboard when running payload. The server stuck at HID Timed out like forever. How can I fix this?

    opened by maytinh365 3
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tobozo
≡ᗤ- I'm the Bozo ෴ bit in your Bogon. DIY IoT/WoT tinkerer, JS/PHP freestack dev, C/C++ novice and tech lover
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