luigi
A barebones single-header GUI library for Win32 and X11.
Building example
Windows
Update luigi_example.c to #define UI_WINDOWS at the top of the file, and then run the following command in a Visual Studio command prompt:
cl /O2 luigi_example.c user32.lib gdi32.lib
Linux
Update luigi_example.c to #define UI_LINUX at the top of the file, and then run the following command in Bash:
gcc -O2 luigi_example.c -lX11 -lm -o luigi
If you want to use FreeType for font rendering, pass the additional arguments to gcc:
-lfreetype -D UI_FREETYPE -I -D UI_FONT_PATH= -D UI_FONT_SIZE=
Projects made with luigi
Designer, https://gitlab.com/nakst/essence/-/blob/master/util/designer.c
GDB frontend, https://github.com/nakst/gf/
Documentation
Introduction
As with other single-header libraries, to use it in your project define UI_IMPLEMENTATION in exactly one translation unit where you include the header. Furthermore, everytime you include the header, you must either define UI_WINDOWS or UI_LINUX to specify the target platform.
To initialise the library, call UIInitialise. You can then create a window using UIWindowCreate and populate it using the UI...Create functions. Once you're ready, call UIMessageLoop, and input messages will start being processed.
Windows are built up of elements, which are allocated and initialised by UI...Create functions. These functions all return a pointer to the allocated element. At the start of every element is a common header of type UIElement, contained in the field e. When you create an element, you must specify its parent element and its flags. Each element determines the position of its children, and every element is clipped to its parent (i.e. it cannot draw outside the bounds of the parent).
The library uses a message-based system to allow elements to respond to events and requests. The enumeration UIMessage specifies all the different messages that can be sent to an element using the UIElementMessage function. A message is passed with two parameters, an integer di and a pointer dp, and the element receiving the message must return an integer in response. If the meaning of the return value is not specified, or the element does not handle the message, it should return 0. After ensuring the element has not been marked for deletion, UIElementMessage will first try sending the message to the messageUser function pointer in the UIElement header. If this returns 0, then the message will also be sent to the messageClass function pointer. The UI...Create functions will set the messageClass function pointer, and the user may optionally set the messageUser to also receive messages sent to the element.
For example, the messageClass function set by UIButtonCreate will handle drawing the button when it receives the UI_MSG_PAINT message. The user will likely want to set messageUser so that they can receive the UI_MSG_CLICKED message, which indicates that the button has been clicked.
UIRectangle
This contains 4 integers, l, r, t and b which represent the left, right, top and bottom edges of a rectangle. Usually, the coordinates are in pixels relative to the top-left corner of the relevant window.
UIElement
The common header for all elements.
struct UIElement {
uint64_t flags;
struct UIElement *parent;
struct UIElement *next;
struct UIElement *children;
struct UIWindow *window;
UIRectangle bounds, clip, repaint;
void *cp;
int (*messageClass)(struct UIElement *element, UIMessage message, int di, void *dp);
int (*messageUser)(struct UIElement *element, UIMessage message, int di, void *dp);
};
flags contains a bitset of flags for the element. The first 32-bits are specific to each type of element. The upper 32-bits are common to all elements. Bits 32-47 are intended to specifying options, and bits 48-63 are for storing the element's state.
The following flags are available:
UI_ELEMENT_V_FILLis a hint to the parent element that this element should take up all available vertical space.UI_ELEMENT_H_FILLis a hint to the parent element that this element should take up all available horizontal space.UI_ELEMENT_REPAINTmarks the element for repainting. Do not set directly; seeUIElementRepaint.UI_ELEMENT_DESTROYmarks the element to be destroyed. Do not set directly; seeUIElementDestroy.UI_ELEMENT_HIDEmarks the element as hidden. It will not receive input events, be drawn, or take up space in the parent's layout.
parent contains a pointer to the element's parent. next contains a pointer to the element's sibling. children contains a pointer to the element's first child (children are linked by the next pointer). window contains a pointer to the window that contains the element.
bounds contains the element's bounds, expressed in pixels relative to the top-left corner of the containing window. Do not set directly; see UIElementMove. clip contains the element's clip region, expressed in pixels relative to the top-left corner of the containing window. Do not set directly; see UIElementMove. repaint contains the element's repaint region, expressed in pixels relative to the top-left corner of the containing window. Do not set directly; see UIElementRepaint.
cp is a context pointer available for the user.
messageClass and messageUser contain function pointers to the element's message handlers. messageClass is set when the element is first created, and has lower priority than messageUser when receiving messages. messageUser can be optionally set by the user of the element to inspect and handle its messages. If messageUser returns a non-zero value, then messageClass will not receive the message. If messageUser is NULL, then messageClass will always receive the message. Do not call these directly; see UIElementMessage.
Functions
// General.
void UIInitialise();
int UIMessageLoop();
uint64_t UIAnimateClock(); // In ms.
// Creating elements.
UIElement *UIElementCreate(size_t bytes, UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags, int (*messageClass)(UIElement *, UIMessage, int, void *), const char *cClassName);
UIButton *UIButtonCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags, const char *label, ptrdiff_t labelBytes);
UICode *UICodeCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags);
UIColorPicker *UIColorPickerCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags);
UIGauge *UIGaugeCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags);
UILabel *UILabelCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags, const char *label, ptrdiff_t labelBytes);
UIMDIChild *UIMDIChildCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags, UIRectangle initialBounds, const char *title, ptrdiff_t titleBytes);
UIMDIClient *UIMDIClientCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags);
UIMenu *UIMenuCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags);
UIPanel *UIPanelCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags);
UIScrollBar *UIScrollBarCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags);
UISlider *UISliderCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags);
UISpacer *UISpacerCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags, int width, int height);
UISplitPane *UISplitPaneCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags, float weight);
UITabPane *UITabPaneCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags, const char *tabs /* separate with \t, terminate with \0 */);
UITable *UITableCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags, const char *columns /* separate with \t, terminate with \0 */);
UITextbox *UITextboxCreate(UIElement *parent, uint32_t flags);
UIWindow *UIWindowCreate(UIWindow *owner, uint32_t flags, const char *cTitle, int width, int height);
// General elements.
bool UIElementAnimate(UIElement *element, bool stop);
void UIElementDestroy(UIElement *element);
void UIElementDestroyDescendents(UIElement *element);
UIElement *UIElementFindByPoint(UIElement *element, int x, int y);
void UIElementFocus(UIElement *element);
UIRectangle UIElementScreenBounds(UIElement *element); // Returns bounds of element in same coordinate system as used by UIWindowCreate.
void UIElementRefresh(UIElement *element);
void UIElementRepaint(UIElement *element, UIRectangle *region);
void UIElementMove(UIElement *element, UIRectangle bounds, bool alwaysLayout);
int UIElementMessage(UIElement *element, UIMessage message, int di, void *dp);
UIElement *UIParentPush(UIElement *element);
UIElement *UIParentPop();
// Specific elements.
void UICodeFocusLine(UICode *code, int index); // Line numbers are 1-indexed!!
int UICodeHitTest(UICode *code, int x, int y); // Returns line number; negates if in margin. Returns 0 if not on a line.
void UICodeInsertContent(UICode *code, const char *content, ptrdiff_t byteCount, bool replace);
void UILabelSetContent(UILabel *code, const char *content, ptrdiff_t byteCount);
void UIMenuAddItem(UIMenu *menu, uint32_t flags, const char *label, ptrdiff_t labelBytes, void (*invoke)(void *cp), void *cp);
void UIMenuShow(UIMenu *menu);
int UITableHitTest(UITable *table, int x, int y); // Returns item index. Returns -1 if not on an item.
bool UITableEnsureVisible(UITable *table, int index); // Returns false if the item was already visible.
void UITableResizeColumns(UITable *table);
void UITextboxReplace(UITextbox *textbox, const char *text, ptrdiff_t bytes, bool sendChangedMessage);
void UITextboxClear(UITextbox *textbox, bool sendChangedMessage);
void UITextboxMoveCaret(UITextbox *textbox, bool backward, bool word);
void UIWindowRegisterShortcut(UIWindow *window, UIShortcut shortcut);
void UIWindowPostMessage(UIWindow *window, UIMessage message, void *dp); // Thread-safe.
// Graphics.
void UIDrawBlock(UIPainter *painter, UIRectangle rectangle, uint32_t color);
void UIDrawInvert(UIPainter *painter, UIRectangle rectangle);
void UIDrawGlyph(UIPainter *painter, int x, int y, int c, uint32_t color);
void UIDrawRectangle(UIPainter *painter, UIRectangle r, uint32_t mainColor, uint32_t borderColor, UIRectangle borderSize);
void UIDrawBorder(UIPainter *painter, UIRectangle r, uint32_t borderColor, UIRectangle borderSize);
void UIDrawString(UIPainter *painter, UIRectangle r, const char *string, ptrdiff_t bytes, uint32_t color, int align, UIStringSelection *selection);
int UIMeasureStringWidth(const char *string, ptrdiff_t bytes);
int UIMeasureStringHeight();
// Helpers.
bool UIColorToHSV(uint32_t rgb, float *hue, float *saturation, float *value);
void UIColorToRGB(float hue, float saturation, float value, uint32_t *rgb);
UIRectangle UIRectangleIntersection(UIRectangle a, UIRectangle b);
UIRectangle UIRectangleBounding(UIRectangle a, UIRectangle b);
UIRectangle UIRectangleAdd(UIRectangle a, UIRectangle b);
UIRectangle UIRectangleTranslate(UIRectangle a, UIRectangle b);
bool UIRectangleEquals(UIRectangle a, UIRectangle b);
bool UIRectangleContains(UIRectangle a, int x, int y);
char *UIStringCopy(const char *in, ptrdiff_t inBytes);
Messages
// General events.
UI_MSG_PAINT, // dp = pointer to UIPainter
UI_MSG_DESTROY,
UI_MSG_UPDATE, // di = UI_UPDATE_... constant
UI_MSG_ANIMATE,
// Layouting.
UI_MSG_LAYOUT,
UI_MSG_GET_WIDTH, // di = height (if known); return width
UI_MSG_GET_HEIGHT, // di = width (if known); return height
// Scrollbars.
UI_MSG_SCROLLED, // sent to parent of the scrollbar
// Mouse input.
UI_MSG_CLICKED,
UI_MSG_LEFT_DOWN,
UI_MSG_LEFT_UP,
UI_MSG_MIDDLE_DOWN,
UI_MSG_MIDDLE_UP,
UI_MSG_RIGHT_DOWN,
UI_MSG_RIGHT_UP,
UI_MSG_MOUSE_MOVE,
UI_MSG_MOUSE_DRAG,
UI_MSG_MOUSE_WHEEL, // di = delta; return 1 if handled
// Cursors.
UI_MSG_FIND_BY_POINT, // dp = pointer to UIFindByPoint; return 1 if handled
UI_MSG_GET_CURSOR, // return cursor code
UI_MSG_PRESSED_DESCENDENT, // dp = pointer to child that is/contains pressed element
// Keyboard input.
UI_MSG_KEY_TYPED, // dp = pointer to UIKeyTyped; return 1 if handled
// Element-specific.
UI_MSG_VALUE_CHANGED, // sent to notify that the element's value has changed
UI_MSG_TABLE_GET_ITEM, // dp = pointer to UITableGetItem; return string length
UI_MSG_CODE_GET_MARGIN_COLOR, // di = line index (starts at 1); return color
UI_MSG_CODE_GET_LINE_HINT, // dp = pointer to UITableGetItem (line in index field); return string length
UI_MSG_WINDOW_CLOSE, // return 1 to prevent default (process exit for UIWindow; close for UIMDIChild)
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