Compressed Delta OTA Updates for ESP32

Overview

Status

ESP32 Compressed Delta OTA Updates

About the Project

The project aims at enabling firmware update of ESP32 Over-the-Air with compressed delta binaries. Testing was done with ESP32-DevKitC v4 board.

Getting Started

Hardware Required

To run the OTA demo, you need an ESP32 dev board (e.g. ESP32-WROVER Kit) or ESP32 core board (e.g. ESP32-DevKitC). You can also try running on ESP32-S2 or ESP32-C3 dev boards and let me know how it worked out.

Prerequisites

  • ESP-IDF v4.3 and above

    You can visit the ESP-IDF Programmming Guide for the installation steps.

  • detools v0.50.0 and above

    Binary delta encoding in Python 3.6+. You can follow the instructions here for installation.

  • Partition Tool (parttool.py)

    parttool.py comes pre-installed with ESP-IDF; it can be used after the ESP-IDF python venv is initialised - See here.

Usage

  1. Build and flash the partition table partitions.csv in the examples/http_delta_ota directory.

    idf.py partition_table-flash

  2. To generate the patch, we need 2 application binaries, namely base_binary and updated_binary.

    detools create_patch -c heatshrink base_binary.bin updated_binary.bin patch.bin

  3. Currently, patch application demo is supported only for the ota_0 partition. So, we need to flash the base binary to the ota_0 partition.

    parttool.py --port "/dev/ttyUSB0" --baud 2000000 write_partition --partition-name=ota_0 --input="base_binary.bin"

  4. Open the project configuration menu (idf.py menuconfig) go to Example Connection Configuration ->

    1. WiFi SSID: WiFi network to which your PC is also connected to.
    2. WiFi Password: WiFi password
  5. In order to test the OTA demo -> examples/http_delta_ota :

    1. Compile and burn the firmware idf.py -p PORT -b BAUD flash
    2. Run idf.py -p PORT monitor and note down the IP assigned to your ESP module. The default port is 80.
  6. After getting the IP address, send the patch binary through a HTTP Post request over cURL.

    curl -v -X POST --data-binary @- < patch.bin 192.168.224.196:80/ota

Demo Results

  • Base binary: assets/nvs_rw_value.bin (Example Link)
  • Updated binary: assets/nvs_rw_blob.bin (Example Link)
  • Patch binary: assets/patch_nvs.bin
  • After successfully patching and rebooting, press the EN button on your dev board to reboot it and increment the Restart counter variable.

Experiments

Chip Scenario Base binary Updated binary Compressed binary patch (Heatshrink) Patch-to-File %
ESP32 test_basic_enable_small_feature 168208 155136 11036 7.11%
ESP32 test_nvs_app_modification 190656 199824 16245 8.13%
ESP32 test_http_upgrade_with_ssl 672736 761184 138839 18.24%
ESP32 test_provisioning_upgrade_idf_patch_version 966656 924448 234096 25.32%
  • As Heatshrink uses static allocation with small look-ahead buffers, it has almost no impact on heap memory.

Test Scenarios: ESP-IDF 4.4-dev (Master branch)

  1. test_basic_enable_small_feature: Enabling a small feature in an update

    Base binary: Compile get-started/hello-world example

    Updated binary: Same, but disable CONFIG_VFS_SUPPORT_IO option in sdkconfig

  2. test_nvs_app_modification: Changing user application flow without changing the set of libraries used

    Base binary: Compile storage/nvs_rw_value example

    Updated binary: Compile storage/nvs_rw_blob example

  3. test_http_upgrade_with_ssl: Changing user application flow with new set of libraries added

    Base binary: Compile protocols/http_server/simple example

    Updated binary: Compile protocols/https_server/simple example

  4. test_provisioning_upgrade_idf_patch_version: Upgrading IDF to the next patch version

    Base binary: Using IDF 4.3, compile provisioning/wifi_prov_mgr example

    Update binary: Same, but with IDF 4.3.1; sdkconfig is generated from scratch.

To-do:

  • Experiments with more test scenarios, especially with bigger binaries

  • Add complete workflow example

    • Currently patch is applied to the ota_0 partition rather than the factory
  • Optimize Heatshrink compression parameters

    • Currently running on low memory usage mode (8, 7) and static allocation
  • Binary patch with LZMA compression in detools

    • LZMA is memory-heavy but will provide a greater compression ratio for the patch
  • Managing Flash wear and tear (e.g. Wear Levelling)

Acknowledgements & Resources

  • detool: Binary delta encoding in Python 3 and C 🡒 Source | Docs
  • heatshrink: An Embedded Data Compression Library 🡒 Source | Blog
  • Delta updates for embedded systems 🡒 Source | Docs

License

Distributed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for more information.

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Comments
  • related: bsdiff port for esp32

    related: bsdiff port for esp32

    Hi,

    I was looking at this project to add support for OTA firmware delta compressed support to one project I'm working on and I really liked the work you have put here and started playing with the code.

    Ultimately we decided to switch to a slightly modified version of bsdiff/bspatch because the esp32 has already tinfl_decompress available (in the ROM!) and so DEFLATE can be used and using that with bsdiff was simpler than with detools. Nothing wrong with heatshrink but we already used tinfl_decompress for normal full otas so we figured reuse was a good way vs heatshrink to reduce [slightly] firmware size (at the partition level at least).

    If people are interested the port of bsdiff is available at https://github.com/Blockstream/esp32_bsdiff

    Feel free to close if you consider this spamming :-)

    Status: Completed Type: Documentation 
    opened by greenaddress 1
  • Can't upload code more than one time

    Can't upload code more than one time

    Hello.

    Your code is very good and useful. But I thing you have to remplace this lines file: [components/delta/delta.c]

    flash->src = esp_partition_find_first(ESP_PARTITION_TYPE_APP, ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_OTA_0, PARTITION_LABEL_SRC);
    lash->dest = esp_partition_find_first(ESP_PARTITION_TYPE_APP, ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_OTA_1, PARTITION_LABEL_DEST);
    

    By this lines

    flash->src = esp_ota_get_running_partition();
    flash->dest = esp_ota_get_next_update_partition(NULL);
    
    Status: Completed Type: Bug 
    opened by hdpklm 0
Owner
Laukik Hase
Laukik Hase
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